Flames shot out of the rear windows as the flames moved to the third floor.
Drivers along the Bronx River Parkway reportedly saw the smoke and called 911.
The entire building was evacuated, and firefighters had to help numerous elderly residents escape through the smoke.
Residents huddled in the front and the rear of the building.
One elderly resident was taken to the hospital with smoke inhalation.
The eastbound Cross County Parkway exit to the southbound Bronx River Parkway was closed for nearly an hour hour while firefighters battled the blaze.
The cause of the fire is under investigation.
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