After years of delays, 80-story 3 World Trade Center to open
NEW YORK -- An 80-story office building set to open this week at the World Trade Center will be the third completed skyscraper at the site where the twin towers stood.
Monday's ribbon-cutting for the 1,079-foot (329-meter) 3 World Trade Center marks a major step in the rebuilding of the site, stalled for years by disputes among government agencies, trade center developer Larry Silverstein, insurers and 9/11 victims' family members who wanted the entire site to be preserved for eternity as a memorial.
The new $2.7 billion building, designed by Pritzker Prize-winning architect Richard Rogers, has been the fifth-tallest building in New York City since construction topped out in 2016.
That designation seemed elusive in 2009 when the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, which owns the trade center site and was battling with Silverstein over costs associated with rebuilding, sought to reduce 3 World Trade to a four-story "stump."
After arbitration in the dispute between the developer and the property owner, construction started in 2010 but was halted at seven stories due to a lack of financing.
The financial situation improved in 2012, Silverstein said. "It was like somebody came to us and said, 'The curtain has gone up, you can now access this pool of financing.'"
The Port Authority's current executive director, Rick Cotton, joined the agency in 2017 and missed out on the fights with Silverstein. Cotton said the opening of 3 World Trade is "really a major transformative step in the ongoing evolution of the World Trade Center from a construction site to an active, living, breathing campus of office buildings and a memorial."
Three World Trade's 62-foot (19-meter) lobby faces the National Sept. 11 Museum. Wedged between the Santiago Calatrava-designed transportation hub and 4 World Trade Center, also built by Silverstein, the new building consists of an 80-story tower straddling a 17-story "podium."
Zigzagging beams down the east and west faces of the tower look like an embellishment but are actually structural components that will allow for column-free spaces inside. "It's a load-bearing system," said Carlos Valverde, a Silverstein Properties vice president who has supervised construction of the building.
The skyscraper boasts an annealed glass exterior with 10,000 glass panels that have been cooled slowly to reduce internal stress, meaning the glass shouldn't break into shards if it is struck.
Inside, office space is being readied for anchor tenant 3M, an advertising firm, with exposed ceilings that suggest a Soho loft.
There are outdoor terraces on the 17th, 60th and 76th floors including an outdoor deck that will be shared by all the building's tenants.
A mural of a dancer in a red dress adorns a wall on the otherwise bare 68th floor, which will eventually be covered with street artists' work.
The new building is the second Silverstein skyscraper to feature graffiti artists' work. Street artists were invited to wield their spray cans on the 69th floor of the new building's neighbor, 4 World Trade, last year. The artwork inspired the streaming service Spotify to sign a lease for the top floors of the building including the "graffiti in the sky" floor.
Silverstein said 40 percent of 3 World Trade's office space is leased. GroupM will start moving in July 16, Valverde said. Management consulting firm McKinsey & Co. has leased space and will move in next year.
Myers Mermel, the chief executive of TenantWise, a real estate advisory firm, said the McKinsey deal will spur other prestigious financial services firms to consider moving to the area. "McKinsey marks a turning point in front office acceptance of the new World Trade Center," he said.
Silverstein, now 87, thought he had gotten "the brass ring" when he signed a 99-year lease on the trade center in July 2001. Two planes piloted by terrorists destroyed the trade center complex six weeks later.
Silverstein recalled a conversation with his wife, Klara, about whether he should try to rebuild or not. "We can either walk away from this place as many people are advising me to do and as the insurers want me to do or we can stay and rebuild," Silverstein recalled saying. "But I said, 'It's going to be a tough 10 years,' because I thought we could do it all in 10 years."
Seventeen years later, Silverstein has completed 4 World Trade and 3 World Trade. One World Trade, the tallest building on the site, was developed by the Port Authority.
The still unfinished 2 World Trade Center, immediately north of the transportation hub, is awaiting an anchor tenant and financing before it can be built beyond a stump. "We've just got to find the occupant of that last tower. Get that done," Silverstein said.
Also starting construction after years of delays is the nearby Ronald O. Perelman Performing Arts Center at the World Trade Center, named for the billionaire investor after he made a $75 million donation. Its scheduled completion date is 2020.
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